Who was Arturo (Arthur) Alfonso Schomburg and why, as we approach the sesquicentennial of his birth, do his life and work still draw us in?1 In the 1980s, coeditor Rafia Zafar, then a graduate student, read for the first time Schomburg's canonical essay, "The Negro Digs Up His Past," a text that has long served as a touchstone statement for scholars in Black studies. His often quoted imperative from that essay, that "the American Negro must remake his past in order to make his future" (231), has rallied generations of subsequent researchers and creators. For Zafar, Schomburg was a theorist of the African diasporic archive, an intellectual whose vision made possible her own academic career. Coming to Schomburg in the early 2000s and in the wake of the archival turn, coeditor Laura E. Helton, herself an archivist, saw him as part of a cadre of bibliophiles and librarians who laid the groundwork in the early twentieth century for nearly every [End Page 1] major repository in the United States devoted to Black collections. Schomburg was not the only collector of his era, but through his famous manifesto and his namesake institution, the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, his story has become synonymous with the project of Black historical recovery.
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